Ireland’s Taoiseach is to apologise to survivors of homes for unmarried mothers and their children.

The institutions for women who fell pregnant out of wedlock produced high levels of infant mortality, misogyny and stigmatisation of some of society’s most vulnerable, an independent report said.

Many mother and baby homes were run by Catholic nuns.

The Commission of Investigation into Mother and Baby Homes found “appalling” levels of death among the very youngest – more than one in 10 children.

Micheal Martin will deliver the public acknowledgement on behalf of the State in parliament, the Dail, in Dublin on Wednesday afternoon.

Children’s Minister Roderic O’Gorman said it is important that a “clear and unambiguous” apology is made by Mr Martin on behalf of the State to say “sorry for what happened to the women who entered these homes, to the children who were born within these homes”.

He said such an apology could be used as the basis to try to rebuild trust with survivors that has been “so badly damaged”.

Speaking on RTE Radio 1’s Morning Ireland programme, Mr O’Gorman said: “It is clear that the State and successive governments failed in any way to address this issue.”

The Taoiseach’s apology will make it “very clear that the Government takes responsibility on behalf of the State for the failings that are manifestly clear within this report”, he added.

However, survivors have called for Mr Martin to delay the apology to allow them time to read the extensive report in full.

Mother and baby homes report (Niall Carson/PA)

Labour leader Alan Kelly was also critical of the Government’s decision to press ahead with the apology despite pleas from survivors.

“(The apology) could have been made on a date agreed with the survivor groups and their families,” he added.

“Government have decided to proceed, but our view is that a date would be agreed whereby survivors and their families will have time to digest the report.”

Mr Kelly said it is an important day in Irish history as the Dail discusses the report, which, he said, has lifted a lid on what happened in Ireland over many decades.

“Today is the beginning of a process rather than a conclusion of a process, and it’s really about how the victims and their families are treated by the State that failed them,” he added.

“Not just the State, but also religious institutions and many other actors in this country who let down these people in such a terrible way.”

© Provided by PA Media Micheal Martin said the mother and baby homes scandal was a dark chapter in the country’s history (Julien Behal/PA)

Mr O’Gorman also said that, from the end of February, his department will be in a position to address subject access requests regarding personal information contained in the archive of investigations, and that he will be “prioritising” new legislation giving people the right to access vital personal information about themselves.

He hopes the proposed legislation will be introduced in parliament for scrutiny by the end of the year.

But Mr Kelly said he is concerned by this timeframe.

“I was very worried, and indeed many people are upset, when he (Roderic O’Gorman) said this legislation will take until to the end of the year.

“For us that is not acceptable and it needs to be dealt with immediately.

“We brought in emergency legislation on many different occasions and surely getting the entitlement to information and records is the least that these people deserve, so that should be absolutely prioritised.”

On Tuesday, Mr Martin said the scandal over many decades was a dark chapter in the country’s history.

He added that the Republic had displayed a “warped” attitude to sexuality and intimacy in the past.

Some of the institutions were owned and run by the local health authorities – the county homes Pelletstown, Tuam and Kilrush.

Others were owned and run by religious orders; for example, the three homes run by the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary – Bessborough, Sean Ross and Castlepollard (the Sacred Heart homes).

The head of the Catholic Church in Ireland, Archbishop Eamon Martin, has apologised to survivors.

Some of the homes were in very poor physical condition.

Many of the women suffered emotional abuse and were often subject to denigration and derogatory remarks, the commission of investigation’s report said.

Almost 9,000 children died – approximately 15% of all youngsters who were in the institutions – it found.

Major causes included respiratory infections and gastroenteritis.

The proportion of women admitted to such homes in Ireland was probably the highest in the world in the 20th century, the commission of investigation said.

There were about 56,000 unmarried mothers and 57,000 children in the 18 mother and baby homes and county homes investigated.